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Larger Image	Larger image may be viewed by UofL faculty, staff, and students only (log-in required using ULink username/password) at: http://echo.louisville.edu/login?url=http://vrc-web.louisville.edu/Jpegs/2430/2437-01.jpg
Title	[The Hat Makes the Man].
Alternative Title	C'est le chapeau qui fait l'homme.
Creator	Ernst, Max (German painter, sculptor, and author, 1891-1976)
Date	1920
Cultural Context	German European Western European
Style/Period	Modern (styles and periods) Surrealist Dada
Theme	Mixed media Collages (visual works) Gouaches (paintings) Watercolors (paintings) Oil paintings (visual works) Paintings (visual works) Drawings (visual works) Cutouts Humor Phallic Symbols Symbolism (artistic concept) Hats Headgear Stacks (objects) Inscriptions Signatures (names)
Subject	Mixed media Collages Gouaches Watercolors Oil paintings Paintings Drawings Pencil works Pen works Ink drawings Cutouts Puns (Visual works) Humorous pictures Symbols Hats Headgear Artists' signatures Inscriptions
Description	From caption: C'est le chapeau qui fait l'homme / collage; from the MOMA website (http://www.moma.org) (11-2011): The Hat Makes the Man / Max Ernst (French, born Germany. 1891-1976) (1920). Gouache, pencil, oil, and ink on cut-and-pasted printed paper on paper, 13 7/8 x 17 3/4" (35.2 x 45.1 cm). Purchase. “Ernst's appreciation for visual and linguistic puns was likely fostered by Freud’s book Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious. Here, Ernst cut, pasted, and stacked photographs of men’s hats clipped from a sales catalogue to make phallic towers. This visual pun relates to Freud's identification of the hat—the requisite accessory of the bourgeois man—as a common symbol representing repressed desire, adding new meaning to the cliché inscribed on the work, ‘C'est le chapeau qui fait l'homme’ (‘The hat makes the man’).”
Material	Mixed media Gouache (water-base paint) Water-base paint Paint Oil paint (pigmented coating) Pencils (drawing and writing equipment) Ink Paper (fiber product) Paste (adhesive) Adhesive
Measurements	35.6 x 45.7 cm
Technique	Collage (technique) Drawing (image-making) Painting (image-making) Oil painting (technique) Pasting Adhesion Cutting (dividing)
Inscription	Lower right corner: max ernst / bedecktsamiger stapel- / mensch nacktsamiger wasserformer / (edelformer) kleidsame nervatur / auch / ! umpressnerven ! / (c’est le chapeau qui fait l’homme) / (le style c’est le tailleur) [seed-covered stacked-up man seedless waterformer ('edelformer') well fitting nervous system also tightly fitting nerves! (the hat makes the man) (style is the tailor)]
Work Type	Mixed media Collages Drawings Pencil works Ink drawings Pen works Paintings Oil paintings Watercolors Gouaches
Repository	Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) (New York, New York)
Source	Max Ernst. I Maestri Del Colore. Vol. 188. Milano: Fratelli Fabbri, 1966. (pl.I)
Rights	Photo/illustration credit/reproduced in Max Ernst courtesy: Per tutte le riproduzioni, © by Spadem, Paris, 1967; New York, Museum of Modern Art.
Digital Publisher	University of Louisville Department of Fine Arts/Allen R. Hite Art Institute Visual Resources Center
Format	image/jpeg
Digital File Name	VRC 2437-01.jpg
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