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Herculaneum, decorative fresco-type architectural wall painting.
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Herculaneum, decorative fresco-type architectural wall painting.
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Description
Larger Image
Larger image may be viewed by UofL faculty, staff, and students only (log-in required using ULink username/password) at:
http://echo.louisville.edu/login?url=http://vrc-web.louisville.edu/Jpegs/760/762-18.jpg
Title
Herculaneum
,
decorative
fresco-type
architectural
wall
painting
.
Date
60 - 80 [CE]?
Cultural Context
Ancient Roman
Italian
European
Western European
Style/Period
Roman (ancient Italian style)
Imperial (Roman)
Theme
Paintings (visual works)
Frescoes (paintings)
Mural paintings (visual works)
Interior walls
Walls
Trompe-l'oeil
Architecture (object genre)
Architectural elements
Spiral columns
Columns (architectural elements)
Fillets (moldings)
Moldings (object components)
Consoles (brackets)
Brackets (structural elements)
Patterns (design elements)
Motifs
Floral patterns
Scrolling foliage
Foliation (pattern)
Figurative art
Figures (representations)
Masks (costume)
Faces (animal or human components)
Horses
Animals
Wings (animal components)
Wings (supernatural)
Subject
Paintings
Murals
Walls
Architecture
Architectural elements
Structural elements
Columns
Moldings
Consoles
Architectural decorations & ornaments
Patterns (Design elements)
Masks
Faces
Supernatural beings
Horses
Animals
Description
"This
fragment
of a
wall
painting
was
among
the
very
first
ancient
artworks
discovered
in
Herculaneum
after
the
volcanic
eruption
on
August
23
in
79
A.D
.
[…]
This
panel
was
executed
using
a
technique
similar
to
fresco
painting
. The
design
was
painted
on a
damp
lime-based
undercoating
that
contained
an
additive
to
delay
the
drying
process
. The
additive
also
allowed
the
applied
paint
to
become
thin
and
take
on its
characteristic
smooth
surface
.
Applied
over
several
base
coats
, the
undercoating
consists
of
two
layers
: a
lower
grayish
coat
(arriccio)
made
of
lime
blended
with
volcanic
sand
, and an
upper
whitish
coat
(intonaco)
in
which
lime
is
mixed
with
calcite
.
[…]
After
the
surface
was
prepared
,
it
was
polished
and
shined
to
obtain
a
smooth
,
satiny
finish
. The
decorative
subjects
were
painted
according
to a
preliminary
sketch
,
always
using
the "
fresco
"
technique
. On the
Louvre's
painting
,
restoration
has
shown
that the
central
panel
was
originally
red
but
turned
black
when
its
cinnabar
pigment
was
affected
by the
eruption
of
Vesuvius
.
It
is
also
possible
that a
black
or
deeper
red
glaze
was
later
applied
to this
area
.
[…]
A
nearly
identical
but
larger
fresco
in the
Museo
Nazionale
in
Naples
gives
us a
clearer
idea
of the
original
composition
to
which
the
Louvre
panel
once
belonged
. The
twisted
column
rests
on a
base
whose
moldings
are
richly
ornamented
with
decorative
motifs
,
including
egg-and-dart
designs
,
beading
,
leaves
, and
feathered
effects
. On the
front
of this
base
, a
winged
creature
soars
atop
a
volute
. The
base
stands
next
to a
recess
in the
lower
part
of the
wall
[…]
. The
recessed
area
is
black
,
surrounded
by a
brownish-pink
,
slightly
arched
framework
.
[…]
Level
with the
twisted
columns'
foot
is
a
wall
molding
;
above
that
is
this
central
panel
framed
by a
band
of
color
with a
fillet
surrounding
a
black
background
,
which
flanks
the
column
. A
winged
horse
painted
in
light
colors
walks
on the
fillet
across
the
bottom
of the
panel
toward
the
twisted
column
. A
foliate
ornament
rises
from its
head
,
terminating
in a
flower
, from
which
springs
the
support
of a
console
. A
candelabrum
decorated
with
foliage
stands
above
the
console
.
Additional
foliate
decoration
on the
console
incorporates
griffons
and
theatrical
masks
.
[…]
On the
right
side
of the
Louvre's
panel
and on the
left
side
of the
Naples
panel
, a
different
decorative
scheme
appears
behind
the
twisted
columns
, as if they
marked
the
transition
to a
background
extending
into a
deeper
space
beyond
. The
perspective
technique
using
trompe-l'oeil
devices
is
typical
of the
architectural
compositions
of the
Second
Style
of
Campanian
wall
painting
,
[…]
. The
delicate
foliate
motifs
and the
elegant
decorative
vocabulary
recall
the
Third
Style
, but
ultimately
, this
eclecticism
and
willingness
to
overflow
the
wall
with
ornamentation
,
while
leaving
extensive
areas
of the
picture
field
plain
,
is
typical
of the
Fourth
Style.
"
(Excerpt
from
catalogue
entry
by
Daniel
Roger
,
p
.
148)
.
Discovered
in
Herculaneum
(Italy)
,
before
1755
.
Gift
1825
,
formerly
in the
collection
of the
Kings
of
Naples
(P
26-INV
.
CC
68)
.
Restorer
:
D
.
Burlot
,
2005
.
Material
Arriccio
Intonaco
Vermilion
Paint
Measurements
H: 47 1/4 in (120 cm); W: 24 in (61 cm)
Technique
Fresco painting (technique)
Mural painting (activity)
Painting (image-making)
Work Type
Frescoes (paintings)
Mural paintings (visual works)
Murals
Paintings
Repository
Musee du Louvre (Paris, France)
Source
Giroire, Cecile, and Daniel Roger. Roman Art from the Louvre. New York: American Federation of Arts in assoc. with Hudson Hills Press, 2007. (p.149, cat.80).
Rights
Photographs of the works in the exhibition reproduced in Giroire courtesy: Copyright © 2007 Musee du Louvre and the American Federation of Arts/Anne Chauvet, Daniel Lebee, and Carine De Ambrosis.
Digital Publisher
University of Louisville Department of Fine Arts/Allen R. Hite Art Institute Visual Resources Center
Format
image/jpeg
Digital File Name
VRC
762-18.jpg
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